E - Enhance Expectations
It is understandable that patients who don't understand how psychotherapy works don't believe that it is effective. Informing patients about the effectiveness of psychotherapy and its mechanisms is an important step in changing their expectations.
Effectiveness — Does It Work?
Presenting the treatment as a prestigious, evidence-based intervention has been shown to increase expectations of positive outcomes (Constantino et al., 2018; Gerke et al., 2024; Kazdin & Krouse, 1983).
Mechanism — How Does It Work?
The treatment should be framed as a comprehensive approach that addresses the ‘whole person’ by focusing simultaneously on affect, cognition and behaviour. The logic and explanation of the treatment should be matched to the patient's existing belief system and individualised expectations to ensure a perceived fit (Constantino, 2012; Constantino et al., 2012; Gerke et al., 2024).
Foreshadowing non-linear progress helps to maintain realistic expectations and prevent a loss of hope when temporary setbacks occur (Constantino, 2012; Constantino et al., 2012; Gerke et al., 2024).
Case Exemplars and Personalisation — Why It Works for You!
Utilising concrete examples of successfully treated cases to enhance modelling effects (Kazdin & Krouse, 1983).
Highlighting patient-specific strengths to bolster optimism and reinforce the belief that the patient possesses the internal resources for change (Constantino, 2012; Constantino et al., 2012).